{"id":8934,"date":"2026-02-12T13:46:41","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T13:46:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/textirama.be\/parcs-eoliens-offshore-battage-de-pieux-en-mer-et-le-drame-silencieux-sous-leau\/"},"modified":"2026-04-14T10:10:54","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T10:10:54","slug":"parcs-eoliens-offshore-battage-de-pieux-en-mer-et-le-drame-silencieux-sous-leau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/textirama.be\/fr\/parcs-eoliens-offshore-battage-de-pieux-en-mer-et-le-drame-silencieux-sous-leau\/","title":{"rendered":"Parcs \u00e9oliens offshore, battage de pieux en mer et le drame silencieux sous l\u2019eau"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8934\" class=\"elementor elementor-8934 elementor-8915\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efef6bb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"efef6bb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-edca306 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"edca306\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>Et pourquoi, \u00e9tonnamment, le textile peut faire partie de la solutionn<\/h5>\n<p>La transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique se joue en grande partie en mer. Quiconque navigue le long de la c\u00f4te belge le voit imm\u00e9diatement : les parcs \u00e9oliens offshore font d\u00e9sormais partie du paysage de la mer du Nord. Ils fournissent de l\u2019\u00e9lectricit\u00e9 verte et sont essentiels pour atteindre les objectifs climatiques.  <\/p>\n<p>Mais sous la surface de l\u2019eau \u2014 l\u00e0 o\u00f9 nous regardons \u00e0 peine \u2014 il se passe tout autre chose. Pour de nombreux animaux marins, un parc \u00e9olien n\u2019est pas un objet visuel, mais <strong>une source sonore<\/strong>. Et surtout pendant la construction, cela peut devenir un probl\u00e8me majeur.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e841f3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e841f3d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La phase la plus bruyante : le battage de pieux en mer<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de6b7db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"de6b7db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Une \u00e9olienne offshore est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement install\u00e9e sur un monopieu : un gigantesque pieu d\u2019acier enfonc\u00e9 \u00e0 plusieurs dizaines de m\u00e8tres dans le fond marin. Ce battage est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019aide d\u2019un marteau hydraulique frappant le pieu de mani\u00e8re r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9e. <\/p><p>Pour les humains, cela peut ressembler \u00e0 un coup sourd lointain.<br>Pour les poissons, les mammif\u00e8res marins et les larves de plancton, c\u2019est tout autre chose.<\/p><p>Sous l\u2019eau, le son se propage en effet <strong>extr\u00eamement loin<\/strong> \u2014 bien plus loin que dans l\u2019air \u2014 et beaucoup plus efficacement. Pour les animaux marins, le son n\u2019est pas un sens secondaire mais leur sens principal. Ils l\u2019utilisent pour :  <\/p><ul><li>la communication<\/li><li>l\u2019orientation<\/li><li>la chasse<\/li><li>l\u2019\u00e9vitement des pr\u00e9dateurs<\/li><\/ul><p>Des recherches men\u00e9es dans les eaux belges (notamment par Jan Haelters, Elisabeth Debusschere et Dick Botteldooren) montrent que le battage durant la phase de construction provoque des ondes sonores impulsives intenses pouvant \u00eatre nocives pour les poissons et les mammif\u00e8res marins. (<a href=\"https:\/\/pureportal.ilvo.be\/nl\/searchAll\/index\/?search=the+effect+of+pile+driving&amp;pageSize=25&amp;showAdvanced=false&amp;allConcepts=true&amp;inferConcepts=true&amp;searchBy=PartOfNameOrTitle\">ILVO<\/a>)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cd37f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9cd37f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Que se passe-t-il chez les animaux ?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ffebcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2ffebcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>1. Changement de comportement<\/h3><p>Les mammif\u00e8res marins comme les marsouins \u00e9vitent la zone des travaux. Des \u00e9tudes montrent que leur pr\u00e9sence diminue d\u00e9j\u00e0 plusieurs heures avant le battage en raison de l\u2019augmentation des bruits de navires et de chantier. <\/p><p>Cela peut sembler positif (\u00ab ils s\u2019\u00e9loignent \u00bb), mais signifie en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 une <strong>perte d\u2019habitat et de zones d\u2019alimentation<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95f27c4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"95f27c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>2. Stress et dommages physiques chez les poissons<\/h3><p>Des recherches exp\u00e9rimentales sur de jeunes bars (UGent) ont montr\u00e9 que le bruit impulsif du battage :<\/p><ul><li>provoque des r\u00e9actions de stress aigu<\/li><li>entra\u00eene des perturbations physiologiques<\/li><li>et, dans certains cas, des l\u00e9sions internes et externes<\/li><\/ul><p>Les effets sont les plus forts pr\u00e8s de la source (&lt; 50 m), mais les premiers stades de vie \u2014 larves et juv\u00e9niles \u2014 se r\u00e9v\u00e8lent particuli\u00e8rement sensibles.<\/p><p>Or ce sont pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment ces populations qui formeront plus tard les stocks de poissons.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7282b24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7282b24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>3. Pas seulement pendant la construction<\/h3><p>M\u00eame en fonctionnement, les \u00e9oliennes produisent un bruit sous-marin continu comparable \u00e0 un bruit permanent de navire. <\/p><p>Donc :<br><strong>construction = extr\u00eamement bruyante<\/strong><br><strong>exploitation = bruit de fond prolong\u00e9<\/strong><\/p><p>Les deux ont des cons\u00e9quences \u00e9cologiques.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ab04b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0ab04b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pourquoi le probl\u00e8me est si difficile<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b909938 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b909938\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Nous faisons face \u00e0 un paradoxe.<\/p><p>Nous avons besoin de l\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e9olienne offshore pour limiter le changement climatique.<br>Mais les mesures climatiques ne doivent pas cr\u00e9er un nouveau probl\u00e8me environnemental dans les \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes marins.<\/p><p>C\u2019est pourquoi l\u2019innovation actuelle dans l\u2019\u00e9olien offshore ne porte pas seulement sur le rendement \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique \u2014 <strong>mais aussi sur l\u2019impact acoustique<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-148478e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"148478e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">C\u2019est ici que le textile intervient<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e02201 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0e02201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Et c\u2019est l\u00e0 que cela devient \u00e9tonnamment int\u00e9ressant pour le secteur textile.<\/p><p>Att\u00e9nuer le bruit sous l\u2019eau n\u2019est pas un d\u00e9fi classique de g\u00e9nie civil, mais essentiellement un <strong>probl\u00e8me de mat\u00e9riaux<\/strong>.<\/p><p>L\u2019eau et l\u2019acier conduisent tr\u00e8s bien les vibrations.<br>L\u2019air et les structures poreuses beaucoup moins.<\/p><p>Autrement dit :<br>la meilleure barri\u00e8re acoustique n\u2019est pas le b\u00e9ton\u2026 mais une combinaison contr\u00f4l\u00e9e d\u2019air, de structures et de membranes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ed1a24 elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"3ed1a24\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/watch?v=oe0n3jKf5WQ&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7229dbc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7229dbc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75e20b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"75e20b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aba9273 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aba9273\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le SubSeaQuieter de Greenov : un syst\u00e8me textile sous l\u2019eau<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d10925 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2d10925\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-532bea1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"532bea1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Un bel exemple est le SubSeaQuieter de Greenov.<br>Ce syst\u00e8me utilise une structure membranaire flexible multicouche \u2014 en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 un textile technique \u2014 plac\u00e9e autour du pieu pendant le battage. Au moins deux entreprises belges ont particip\u00e9 \u00e0 son d\u00e9veloppement : <a href=\"https:\/\/textirama.be\/fr\/company\/3d-weaving\/\">3D Weaving<\/a> en <a href=\"https:\/\/textirama.be\/fr\/company\/sioen\/\">Sioen<\/a>.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ae4daba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ae4daba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>Comment cela fonctionne-t-il ?<\/h5><p>Les membranes sont remplies d\u2019air, cr\u00e9ant une barri\u00e8re entre l\u2019eau et la source sonore. Cette <strong>rupture d\u2019imp\u00e9dance<\/strong> att\u00e9nue fortement les ondes sonores. (<a href=\"https:\/\/greenov.green\/solutions\/subsea-quieter\/\">Greenov<\/a>) <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d1798b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d1798b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Dans le contexte des ondes sonores, l\u2019imp\u00e9dance signifie la difficult\u00e9 pour un mat\u00e9riau de transmettre le son. L\u2019eau et l\u2019acier ont une <strong>forte imp\u00e9dance acoustique<\/strong>, l\u2019air et les mat\u00e9riaux souples une <strong>faible<\/strong>. <\/em><\/p><p><em>Lorsqu\u2019une onde sonore passe d\u2019un mat\u00e9riau \u00e0 <strong>forte imp\u00e9dance<\/strong> vers un mat\u00e9riau \u00e0 faible imp\u00e9dance. Par exemple de l\u2019acier vers une membrane textile remplie d\u2019air. <\/em><\/p><p><em>Une grande partie de l\u2019\u00e9nergie est <strong>r\u00e9fl\u00e9chie ou amortie<\/strong> et p<strong>\u00e9n\u00e8tre moins dans l\u2019eau<\/strong>. En termes simples : le son \u00ab se brise \u00bb et s\u2019affaiblit parce que le mat\u00e9riau change. <\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5966f6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5966f6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Pour ce projet, SIOEN d\u00e9veloppe et confectionne des textiles enduits en un panneau renforc\u00e9 qui est plac\u00e9 sous l\u2019eau. Des op\u00e9rations de soudage et de confection de haute pr\u00e9cision garantissent une structure gonflable \u00e9tanche \u00e0 l\u2019air, capable de r\u00e9sister \u00e0 la pression environnante. <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82d839e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"82d839e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>R\u00e9sultat :<\/h5><ul><li>r\u00e9duction sonore de 10 \u00e0 35 dB (<a href=\"https:\/\/greenov.green\/2024\/03\/05\/subsea-quieter-noise-reduction-system\/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Greenov<\/a>)<\/li><li>diminution simultan\u00e9e de la turbidit\u00e9 des s\u00e9diments<\/li><\/ul><p>C\u2019est consid\u00e9rable : une r\u00e9duction de cet ordre signifie une forte diminution de l\u2019\u00e9nergie acoustique atteignant les animaux.<\/p><p>Important : le syst\u00e8me est <strong>r\u00e9utilisable, modulaire et l\u00e9ger<\/strong> \u2014 des caract\u00e9ristiques typiques des textiles techniques.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de5a122 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"de5a122\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Pourquoi le textile est id\u00e9al ici<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-816049b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"816049b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La technologie textile offre des avantages uniques que les constructions offshore classiques n\u2019ont pas :<\/p><ol><li> <strong>Flexibilit\u00e9<\/strong> \u2013 peut \u00eatre plac\u00e9 autour de structures complexes<\/li><li> <strong>Chambres d\u2019air et porosit\u00e9<\/strong> \u2013 parfaites pour l\u2019amortissement acoustique<\/li><li> <strong>L\u00e9g\u00e8ret\u00e9<\/strong> \u2013 pas besoin de grues lourdes ni de fondations<\/li><li> <strong>Modularit\u00e9 et r\u00e9parabilit\u00e9<\/strong> \u2013 r\u00e9utilisable et facile \u00e0 transporter<\/li><\/ol><p>En r\u00e9alit\u00e9, un tel syst\u00e8me se comporte sous l\u2019eau comme un panneau acoustique absorbant dans une salle de concert \u2014 mais en mer.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b6dcd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5b6dcd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Autres solutions (et leurs limites)<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d643d6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d643d6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>1. Rideaux de bulles (bubble curtains)<\/h3><p>L\u2019approche classique : un anneau de bulles d\u2019air autour du pieu.<br><br><\/p><p>Ils fonctionnent, mais sont :<\/p><ul><li>\u00e9nergivores<\/li><li>sensibles aux courants<\/li><li>n\u00e9cessitent des compresseurs co\u00fbteux<\/li><\/ul><p>Ils peuvent n\u00e9anmoins fournir jusqu\u2019\u00e0 environ 11 dB de r\u00e9duction sonore suppl\u00e9mentaire selon la configuration. (<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2410.14415?\">arXiv<\/a>)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48c3738 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"48c3738\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>2. Adaptation de la turbine elle-m\u00eame<\/h3><p>Des chercheurs \u00e9tudient aussi la r\u00e9duction du bruit en phase d\u2019exploitation, par exemple via un r\u00e9glage adapt\u00e9 du pas des pales. Quelques d\u00e9cibels peuvent \u00eatre gagn\u00e9s sans pertes \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques importantes.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c521aeb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c521aeb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>3. Mesures temporaires de chantier<\/h3><ul><li>battage \u00ab soft-start \u00bb (augmentation progressive de la puissance)<\/li><li>sons de dissuasion pour faire partir les animaux<\/li><li>planification hors saisons de migration et de reproduction<\/li><\/ul><p>Ces mesures r\u00e9duisent le risque mais pas la production sonore elle-m\u00eame.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae67b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ae67b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3>4. M\u00e9tamat\u00e9riaux acoustiques<\/h3><p>De nouvelles structures plac\u00e9es sur le m\u00e2t bloquent les vibrations avant qu\u2019elles n\u2019atteignent l\u2019eau. (<a href=\"https:\/\/greenov.green\/2025\/05\/30\/reducing-underwater-noise-from-offshore-wind-farms-introducing-the-malo-project\/\">Greenov<\/a>)<\/p><p>L\u00e0 encore une innovation de mat\u00e9riaux proche du textile technique.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdfaa87 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"cdfaa87\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-45af9f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"45af9f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le r\u00f4le inattendu de l\u2019industrie textile<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24144b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"24144b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ce qui se produit ici est remarquable :<br>l\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e9olienne offshore devient non seulement un domaine de l\u2019acier, de la construction navale et du b\u00e9ton \u2014 mais aussi de <strong>l\u2019ing\u00e9nierie textile<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Les textiles techniques peuvent :<\/p><ul><li>absorber le son<\/li><li>retenir les s\u00e9diments<\/li><li>prot\u00e9ger les habitats<\/li><li>rendre les installations plus durables<\/li><\/ul><p>On peut m\u00eame imaginer, \u00e0 l\u2019avenir, des parcs \u00e9oliens \u00e9quip\u00e9s en standard d\u2019un \u00ab rev\u00eatement acoustique sous-marin \u00bb permanent.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f633db2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f633db2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Conclusion<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2feb13f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2feb13f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les parcs \u00e9oliens offshore sont essentiels pour un avenir climatiquement neutre.<br>Mais leur construction produit des bruits sous-marins intenses susceptibles de perturber ou d\u2019endommager poissons, larves et mammif\u00e8res marins.<\/p><p>Les recherches de Haelters, Debusschere et Botteldooren montrent clairement que le battage des pieux a un impact critique sur la faune marine.<\/p><p>Le tournant int\u00e9ressant ?<br>La solution ne r\u00e9side pas uniquement dans la biologie marine ou l\u2019ing\u00e9nierie offshore \u2014 mais aussi dans la technologie des mat\u00e9riaux et <strong>l\u2019innovation textile<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Gr\u00e2ce aux membranes, chambres d\u2019air et structures acoustiques, le textile peut litt\u00e9ralement former une couche protectrice entre l\u2019industrie et l\u2019\u00e9cosyst\u00e8me.<\/p><p>La transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique en mer ne reposera donc pas seulement sur le vent\u2026<br>mais aussi sur les fibres.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2eee5fe elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"2eee5fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider__text elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\tDans ce blog:\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55a99a1 e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55a99a1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;jet_parallax_layout_list&quot;:[]}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99dd434 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"99dd434\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" 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Quiconque navigue le long de la c\u00f4te belge le [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8880,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[440,439],"tags":[614,615,612,613],"class_list":["post-8934","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-business","category-innovation","tag-animaux-marins","tag-ecologie","tag-parcs-eoliens-offshore","tag-textile-accoustique"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Parcs \u00e9oliens offshore, battage de pieux en mer et le drame silencieux sous l\u2019eau textirama<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/textirama.be\/fr\/parcs-eoliens-offshore-battage-de-pieux-en-mer-et-le-drame-silencieux-sous-leau\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Parcs \u00e9oliens offshore, battage de pieux en mer et le drame silencieux sous l\u2019eau textirama\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Et pourquoi, \u00e9tonnamment, le textile peut faire partie de la solutionn La transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique se joue en grande partie en mer. 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